Negative pressure- water is pushed back into the supply system by atmospheric pressure (14.7>sia) (pounds per square inch absolute or zero gauge pressure- at sea level)

• A reversal of the normal direction of flow
• Back Pressure- Customer side has greater pressure than the supply side

• Prevent contaminates from entering water
• Maintain quality of water in facility
• Follow local plumbing codes
• Other duties assigned by water purveyor
• Mitigation of backflow incidents

• Comply with plumbing codes
• Comply with local ordinances
• Installation, maintenance, & repairs of backflow prevention assemblies

A link between a potable water system & a non-potable system

• SDWA (Safe Drinking Water Act) Federal Mandate 1974
• Set maximum contaminate level
• Recommended backflow prevention

Health risk (contaminate)

• Water Purveyors
• Consumer
• Regulatory Officials
• Consulting Engineers
• Contractors, Plumbers, Testers Water/Wastewater Reuse Personnel

Not appealing (pollutants)

• Measured at the customer’s tap
• Plumbing not controlled by the water purveyor
• Courts rule warrant required for entry
• SDWA modified to reflect above

Any liquid, gas or other substance that can be diluted, dissolved suspended or mixed in water that adversely affects the quality of the water

The garden hose

• The uniform plumbing code
• Standard Plumbing Code (Southern Standard)
• Boca National Plumbing Code
• National Plumbing Code
• National Standard Plumbing Code

Water that is chemically and biologically safe and aesthetics pleasing

• Promulgation & enforcement of regulations
• State- EPA
• Health department
• Plumbing inspectors

• Define warranty
• Implied warranty
• Breach of warranty
• Not automatic with law violation
• Compliance with law does not eliminate liability
• AWWA policy statement

• Supply safe potable drinking water
• Primary responsibility for preventing BF
• Reasonable & prudent decision maker
• Comply with Federal and State regulations
• Mitigation of backflow incidents